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Minus times minus is plus
A basic rule says: minus times minus is plus. Why is that so?
Explanation
The calculation
is clear, because 7 – 2 = 5 and 4 – 1 = 3 and consequently 5 × 3 = 15. Calculating term-by-term gives
You get the same answer, because –2 × –1 = +2 for we used a basic rule here
+ + = +
+ – = –
– + = –
– – = +
Example 1
This basic rule also works for addition and subtraction, which you can see from
and
HistoryIn the book Nine Chapters of the Mathematical Art compiled from the 10th century BC by various Chinese mathematicians, positive numbers are written in red and negative numbers are black. |